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Add Turnstile support

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This is a rudimentary implementation of Cloudflare's Turnstile captcha alternative.

Since it is fairly similar to ReCaptchaNoCaptcha, there is some duplicate code used here. I opted not to use the migration path that CF has for reCAPTCHA v2 and build this as a separate implementation. After T324925, it should be easy to refactor this code.

Users should set $wgTurnstileSiteKey and $wgTurnstileSecretKey as appropriate, based on details from the Cloudflare dashboard.

Bug: T319068
Change-Id: I0d5a74655619975f0bf61b5b672159afe5f4fb00
This commit is contained in:
Jayden Bailey 2023-10-02 23:42:57 +01:00 committed by Reedy
parent 11213652b6
commit fbf6c1c7ea
13 changed files with 900 additions and 0 deletions
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2
README.md
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@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ questions defined by the administrator(s)
* ReCaptchaNoCaptcha - users have to solve different types of visually or
audially tasks.
* hCaptcha - users have to solve visual tasks
* Turnstile - users check a box, which runs some client-side JS
heuristics
### License

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Turnstile/COPYING Normal file
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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
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{
"name": "Turnstile",
"author": [
"Jayden Bailey",
"..."
],
"url": "https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:ConfirmEdit",
"descriptionmsg": "turnstile-desc",
"license-name": "GPL-2.0-or-later",
"type": "antispam",
"MessagesDirs": {
"Turnstile": [
"i18n",
"i18n/api"
]
},
"AutoloadNamespaces": {
"MediaWiki\\Extension\\ConfirmEdit\\Turnstile\\": "includes/"
},
"config": {
"CaptchaClass": {
"value": "MediaWiki\\Extension\\ConfirmEdit\\Turnstile\\Turnstile"
},
"TurnstileSiteKey": {
"value": ""
},
"TurnstileSecretKey": {
"value": ""
},
"TurnstileSendRemoteIP": {
"value": false
}
},
"ResourceFileModulePaths": {
"localBasePath": "resources",
"remoteExtPath": "ConfirmEdit/Turnstile/resources"
},
"ResourceModules": {
"ext.confirmEdit.turnstile.visualEditor": {
"scripts": "ve-confirmedit-turnstile/ve.init.mw.TurnstileSaveErrorHandler.js",
"targets": [
"desktop",
"mobile"
]
}
},
"HookHandlers": {
"TurnstileHooks": {
"class": "MediaWiki\\Extension\\ConfirmEdit\\Turnstile\\Hooks"
}
},
"Hooks": {
"ResourceLoaderGetConfigVars": "TurnstileHooks"
},
"attributes": {
"VisualEditor": {
"PluginModules": [
"ext.confirmEdit.turnstile.visualEditor"
]
}
},
"manifest_version": 2
}

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{
"@metadata": {
"authors": []
},
"turnstile-apihelp-param-cf-turnstile-response": "Field from the Turnstile widget."
}

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{
"@metadata": {
"authors": []
},
"turnstile-apihelp-param-cf-turnstile-response": "{{doc-apihelp-param|description=the \"cf-turnstile-response\" parameter added by [[mw:Extension:ConfirmEdit]]|noseealso=1}}"
}

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{
"@metadata": {
"authors": []
},
"turnstile-desc": "Adds support for Cloudflare Turnstile to ConfirmEdit",
"turnstile-edit": "To protect the wiki against automated edit spam, please solve the following captcha:",
"turnstile-addurl": "Your edit includes new external links. To protect the wiki against automated spam, please solve the following captcha:",
"turnstile-badlogin": "To protect the wiki against automated password cracking, please solve the following captcha:",
"turnstile-createaccount": "To protect the wiki against automated account creation, please solve the following captcha:",
"turnstile-createaccount-fail": "It seems you haven't solved the CAPTCHA.",
"turnstile-create": "To protect the wiki against automated page creation, please solve the following captcha:",
"turnstile-help": "Please solve a Turnstile challenge and return the response value as captchaWord."
}

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{
"@metadata": {
"authors": []
},
"turnstile-desc": "{{desc}}",
"turnstile-edit": "Message above the CAPTCHA for edit action.\n{{related|ConfirmEdit-edit}}",
"turnstile-addurl": "Message above the CAPTCHA for addurl (user added new external links to the page) action.\n{{related|ConfirmEdit-addurl}}",
"turnstile-badlogin": "Message above the CAPTCHA for badlogin action.\n{{related|ConfirmEdit-badlogin}}",
"turnstile-createaccount": "Message above the CAPTCHA for createaccount (user creates a new account) action.\n{{related|ConfirmEdit-createaccount}}",
"turnstile-createaccount-fail": "Error message, when the CAPTCHA isn't solved correctly.\n{{related|ConfirmEdit-createaccount-fail}}",
"turnstile-create": "Message above the CAPTCHA for create (user creates a new page) action.\n{{related|ConfirmEdit-create}}",
"turnstile-help": "Explanation of how to solve the CAPTCHA for API clients."
}

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<?php
namespace MediaWiki\Extension\ConfirmEdit\Turnstile;
use Html;
use HTMLFormField;
/**
* Creates a Turnstile widget. Does not return any data; handling the data submitted by the
* widget is callers' responsibility.
*/
class HTMLTurnstileField extends HTMLFormField {
/** @var string Public key parameter to be passed to Turnstile. */
protected $key;
/** @var string Error returned by Turnstile in the previous round. */
protected $error;
/**
* Parameters:
* - key: (string, required) Turnstile public key
* - error: (string) Turnstile error from previous round
* @param array $params
*/
public function __construct( array $params ) {
$params += [ 'error' => null ];
parent::__construct( $params );
$this->key = $params['key'];
$this->error = $params['error'];
$this->mName = 'cf-turnstile-response';
}
/**
* @inheritDoc
*/
public function getInputHTML( $value ) {
$out = $this->mParent->getOutput();
$lang = htmlspecialchars( urlencode( $this->mParent->getLanguage()->getCode() ) );
// Insert Turnstile script, in display language, if available.
// Language falls back to the browser's display language.
// See https://developers.cloudflare.com/turnstile/reference/supported-languages/
$out->addHeadItem(
'cf-turnstile-script',
"<script src=\"https://challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/api.js?language={$lang}\" async defer>
</script>"
);
Turnstile::addCSPSources( $out->getCSP() );
$output = Html::element( 'div', [
'class' => [
'cf-turnstile',
'mw-confirmedit-captcha-fail' => (bool)$this->error,
],
'data-sitekey' => $this->key,
] );
return $output;
}
}

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<?php
namespace MediaWiki\Extension\ConfirmEdit\Turnstile;
use Config;
use MediaWiki\ResourceLoader\Hook\ResourceLoaderGetConfigVarsHook;
class Hooks implements ResourceLoaderGetConfigVarsHook {
/**
* Adds extra variables to the global config
*
* @param array &$vars Global variables object
* @param string $skin
* @param Config $config
*/
public function onResourceLoaderGetConfigVars( array &$vars, $skin, Config $config ): void {
global $wgTurnstileSiteKey;
global $wgCaptchaClass;
if ( $wgCaptchaClass === Turnstile::class ) {
$vars['wgConfirmEditConfig'] = [
'turnstileSiteKey' => $wgTurnstileSiteKey,
'turnstileScriptURL' => 'https://challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/api.js'
];
}
}
}

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<?php
namespace MediaWiki\Extension\ConfirmEdit\Turnstile;
use ApiBase;
use FormatJson;
use Html;
use MediaWiki\Auth\AuthenticationRequest;
use MediaWiki\Extension\ConfirmEdit\Auth\CaptchaAuthenticationRequest;
use MediaWiki\Extension\ConfirmEdit\Hooks;
use MediaWiki\Extension\ConfirmEdit\SimpleCaptcha\SimpleCaptcha;
use MediaWiki\Language\RawMessage;
use MediaWiki\MediaWikiServices;
use Message;
use Status;
use WebRequest;
class Turnstile extends SimpleCaptcha {
// used for turnstile-edit, turnstile-addurl, turnstile-badlogin, turnstile-createaccount,
// turnstile-create, turnstile-sendemail via getMessage()
protected static $messagePrefix = 'turnstile-';
private $error = null;
/**
* Get the captcha form.
* @param int $tabIndex
* @return array
*/
public function getFormInformation( $tabIndex = 1 ) {
global $wgTurnstileSiteKey, $wgLang;
$lang = htmlspecialchars( urlencode( $wgLang->getCode() ) );
$output = Html::element( 'div', [
'class' => [
'cf-turnstile',
'mw-confirmedit-captcha-fail' => (bool)$this->error,
],
'data-sitekey' => $wgTurnstileSiteKey
] );
return [
'html' => $output,
'headitems' => [
// Insert Turnstile script, in display language, if available.
// Language falls back to the browser's display language.
// See https://developers.cloudflare.com/turnstile/reference/supported-languages/
"<script src=\"https://challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/api.js?language={$lang}\" async defer>
</script>"
]
];
}
/**
* @return string[]
*/
public static function getCSPUrls() {
return [ 'https://challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/api.js' ];
}
/**
* @param Status|array|string $info
*/
protected function logCheckError( $info ) {
if ( $info instanceof Status ) {
$errors = $info->getErrorsArray();
$error = $errors[0][0];
} elseif ( is_array( $info ) ) {
$error = implode( ',', $info );
} else {
$error = $info;
}
wfDebugLog( 'captcha', 'Unable to validate response: ' . $error );
}
/**
* @param WebRequest $request
* @return array
*/
protected function getCaptchaParamsFromRequest( WebRequest $request ) {
// Turnstile combines captcha ID + solution into a single value
// API is hardwired to return captchaWord, so use that if the standard isempty
// "captchaWord" is sent as "captchaword" by visual editor
$index = 'not used';
$response = $request->getVal(
'cf-turnstile-response',
$request->getVal( 'captchaWord', $request->getVal( 'captchaword' ) )
);
return [ $index, $response ];
}
/**
* Check if the user solved the captcha.
*
* Based on reference implementation:
* https://developers.cloudflare.com/turnstile/get-started/server-side-validation/
*
* @param mixed $_ Not used
* @param string $word captcha solution
* @return bool
*/
protected function passCaptcha( $_, $word ) {
global $wgRequest, $wgTurnstileSecretKey, $wgTurnstileSendRemoteIP;
$url = 'https://challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/siteverify';
// Build data to append to request
$data = [
'secret' => $wgTurnstileSecretKey,
'response' => $word,
];
if ( $wgTurnstileSendRemoteIP ) {
$data['remoteip'] = $wgRequest->getIP();
}
$request = MediaWikiServices::getInstance()->getHttpRequestFactory()
->create( $url, [ 'method' => 'POST' ], __METHOD__ );
$request->setData( $data );
$status = $request->execute();
if ( !$status->isOK() ) {
$this->error = 'http';
$this->logCheckError( $status );
return false;
}
$response = FormatJson::decode( $request->getContent(), true );
if ( !$response ) {
$this->error = 'json';
$this->logCheckError( $this->error );
return false;
}
// Turnstile always returns the "error-codes" array, so we should just
// check whether it is empty or not.
if ( !empty( $response['error-codes'] ) ) {
$this->error = 'turnstile-api';
$this->logCheckError( $response['error-codes'] );
return false;
}
return $response['success'];
}
/**
* @param array &$resultArr
*/
protected function addCaptchaAPI( &$resultArr ) {
$resultArr['captcha'] = $this->describeCaptchaType();
$resultArr['captcha']['error'] = $this->error;
}
/**
* @return array
*/
public function describeCaptchaType() {
global $wgTurnstileSiteKey;
return [
'type' => 'turnstile',
'mime' => 'application/javascript',
'key' => $wgTurnstileSiteKey,
];
}
/**
* Show a message asking the user to enter a captcha on edit
* The result will be treated as wiki text
*
* @param string $action Action being performed
* @return Message
*/
public function getMessage( $action ) {
$msg = parent::getMessage( $action );
if ( $this->error ) {
$msg = new RawMessage( '<div class="error">$1</div>', [ $msg ] );
}
return $msg;
}
/**
* @param ApiBase $module
* @param array &$params
* @param int $flags
* @return bool
*/
public function apiGetAllowedParams( ApiBase $module, &$params, $flags ) {
if ( $flags && $this->isAPICaptchaModule( $module ) ) {
$params['cf-turnstile-response'] = [
ApiBase::PARAM_HELP_MSG => 'turnstile-apihelp-param-cf-turnstile-response',
];
}
return true;
}
/**
* @inheritDoc
*/
public function getError() {
return $this->error;
}
/**
* @inheritDoc
*/
public function storeCaptcha( $info ) {
return 'not used';
}
/**
* @inheritDoc
*/
public function retrieveCaptcha( $index ) {
// just pretend it worked
return [ 'index' => $index ];
}
/**
* @inheritDoc
*/
public function getCaptcha() {
// Turnstile is handled by frontend code + an external provider; nothing to do here.
return [];
}
/**
* @return TurnstileAuthenticationRequest
*/
public function createAuthenticationRequest() {
return new TurnstileAuthenticationRequest();
}
/**
* @param array $requests
* @param array $fieldInfo
* @param array &$formDescriptor
* @param string $action
*/
public function onAuthChangeFormFields(
array $requests, array $fieldInfo, array &$formDescriptor, $action
) {
global $wgTurnstileSiteKey;
$req = AuthenticationRequest::getRequestByClass( $requests,
CaptchaAuthenticationRequest::class, true );
if ( !$req ) {
return;
}
// ugly way to retrieve error information
$captcha = Hooks::getInstance();
$formDescriptor['captchaWord'] = [
'class' => HTMLTurnstileField::class,
'key' => $wgTurnstileSiteKey,
'error' => $captcha->getError(),
] + $formDescriptor['captchaWord'];
}
}

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Turnstile/includes/TurnstileAuthenticationRequest.php Normal file
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<?php
namespace MediaWiki\Extension\ConfirmEdit\Turnstile;
use MediaWiki\Auth\AuthenticationRequest;
use MediaWiki\Extension\ConfirmEdit\Auth\CaptchaAuthenticationRequest;
/**
* Authentication request for Turnstile. Functions almost identically to ReCaptchaNoCaptchaAuthenticationRequest.
*/
class TurnstileAuthenticationRequest extends CaptchaAuthenticationRequest {
public function __construct() {
parent::__construct( '', [] );
}
/**
* @inheritDoc
*/
public function loadFromSubmission( array $data ) {
// unhack the hack in parent
return AuthenticationRequest::loadFromSubmission( $data );
}
/**
* @inheritDoc
*/
public function getFieldInfo() {
$fieldInfo = parent::getFieldInfo();
return [
'captchaWord' => [
'type' => 'string',
'label' => $fieldInfo['captchaInfo']['label'],
'help' => wfMessage( 'turnstile-help' ),
],
];
}
}

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Turnstile/resources/ve-confirmedit-turnstile/.eslintrc.json Normal file
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{
"globals": {
"ve": false,
"OO": false
}
}

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Turnstile/resources/ve-confirmedit-turnstile/ve.init.mw.TurnstileSaveErrorHandler.js Normal file
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mw.loader.using( 'ext.visualEditor.targetLoader' ).then( function () {
mw.libs.ve.targetLoader.addPlugin( function () {
ve.init.mw.TurnstileSaveErrorHandler = function () {};
OO.inheritClass( ve.init.mw.TurnstileSaveErrorHandler, ve.init.mw.SaveErrorHandler );
ve.init.mw.TurnstileSaveErrorHandler.static.name = 'confirmEditTurnstile';
ve.init.mw.TurnstileSaveErrorHandler.static.getReadyPromise = function () {
const onLoadFn = 'onTurnstileLoadCallback' + Date.now();
let deferred, config, scriptURL, params;
if ( !this.readyPromise ) {
deferred = $.Deferred();
config = mw.config.get( 'wgConfirmEditConfig' );
scriptURL = new mw.Uri( config.turnstileScriptURL );
params = { onload: onLoadFn, render: 'explicit' };
scriptURL.query = $.extend( scriptURL.query, params );
this.readyPromise = deferred.promise();
window[ onLoadFn ] = deferred.resolve;
mw.loader.load( scriptURL.toString() );
}
return this.readyPromise;
};
ve.init.mw.TurnstileSaveErrorHandler.static.matchFunction = function ( data ) {
const captchaData = ve.getProp( data, 'visualeditoredit', 'edit', 'captcha' );
return !!( captchaData && captchaData.type === 'turnstile' );
};
ve.init.mw.TurnstileSaveErrorHandler.static.process = function ( data, target ) {
const self = this,
config = mw.config.get( 'wgConfirmEditConfig' ),
siteKey = config.turnstileSiteKey,
$container = $( '<div>' );
// Register extra fields
target.saveFields.wpCaptchaWord = function () {
// eslint-disable-next-line no-jquery/no-global-selector
return $( '#cf-turnstile-response' ).val();
};
this.getReadyPromise()
.then( function () {
if ( self.widgetId ) {
window.turnstile.reset( self.widgetId );
} else {
target.saveDialog.showMessage( 'api-save-error', $container, { wrap: false } );
self.widgetId = window.turnstile.render( $container[ 0 ], {
sitekey: siteKey,
callback: function () {
target.saveDialog.executeAction( 'save' );
},
'expired-callback': function () {},
'error-callback': function () {}
} );
target.saveDialog.updateSize();
}
target.emit( 'saveErrorCaptcha' );
} );
};
ve.init.mw.saveErrorHandlerFactory.register( ve.init.mw.TurnstileSaveErrorHandler );
} );
} );