diff --git a/Cite.i18n.php b/Cite.i18n.php
index 11a2381e..40f18ca9 100644
--- a/Cite.i18n.php
+++ b/Cite.i18n.php
@@ -44,6 +44,8 @@ Define more in the <nowiki>[[MediaWiki:Cite references link many format backlink
 	'cite_error_references_no_text'                  => 'Invalid <code>&lt;ref&gt;</code> tag;
 no text was provided for refs named <code>$1</code>',
 	'cite_error_included_ref'                        => 'Closing &lt;/ref&gt; missing for &lt;ref&gt; tag',
+	'cite_error_refs_without_references'             => '<code>&lt;ref&gt;</code> tags exist, but no <code>&lt;references/&gt;</code> tag was found',
+	'cite_error_group_refs_without_references'       => '<code>&lt;ref&gt;</code> tags exist for a group named "$1", but no corresponding <code>&lt;references group="$1"/&gt;</code> tag was found',
 
 	/*
 	   Output formatting
diff --git a/Cite_body.php b/Cite_body.php
index f2fa9460..1c9104db 100644
--- a/Cite_body.php
+++ b/Cite_body.php
@@ -666,6 +666,25 @@ class Cite {
 		return true;
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Called at the end of page processing to append an error if refs were 
+	 * used without a references tag.
+	 */
+	function checkRefsNoReferences(&$parser, &$text){
+		if ( $parser->getOptions()->getIsSectionPreview() ) return true;
+
+		foreach ( $this->mRefs as $group => $refs ) {
+			if ( count( $refs ) == 0 ) continue;
+			$text .= "\n<br />";
+			if ( $group == CITE_DEFAULT_GROUP ) {
+				$text .= $this->error( 'cite_error_refs_without_references' );
+			} else {
+				$text .= $this->error( 'cite_error_group_refs_without_references', htmlspecialchars( $group ) );
+			}
+		}
+		return true;
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Initialize the parser hooks
 	 */
@@ -676,6 +695,7 @@ class Cite {
 		$wgParser->setHook( 'references' , array( &$this, 'references' ) );
 
 		$wgHooks['ParserClearState'][] = array( &$this, 'clearState' );
+		$wgHooks['ParserBeforeTidy'][] = array( &$this, 'checkRefsNoReferences' );
 	}
 
 	/**
diff --git a/citeParserTests.txt b/citeParserTests.txt
index 322672b3..d7543f21 100644
--- a/citeParserTests.txt
+++ b/citeParserTests.txt
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ Wikipedia rocks!<ref>Proceeds of Rockology, vol. XXI</ref>
 !! result
 <p>Wikipedia rocks!<sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0" title="">[1]</a></sup>
 </p>
+<br /><strong class="error">Cite error: <code>&lt;ref&gt;</code> tags exist, but no <code>&lt;references/&gt;</code> tag was found</strong>
 !! end
 
 !! test
@@ -129,6 +130,7 @@ Templating<ref>Text<!--comment--></ref>
 !! result
 <p>1337<sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0" title="">[1]</a></sup>
 </p>
+<br /><strong class="error">Cite error: <code>&lt;ref&gt;</code> tags exist, but no <code>&lt;references/&gt;</code> tag was found</strong>
 !! end
 
 !! test
@@ -236,8 +238,8 @@ refs with no content must have a name</strong>
 </p><p><strong class="error">Cite error: Invalid <code>&lt;references&gt;</code> tag;
 no input is allowed. Use <code>&lt;references /&gt;</code></strong>
 </p><p><strong class="error">Cite error: Invalid <code>&lt;references&gt;</code> tag;
-no parameters are allowed.
-Use <code>&lt;references /&gt;</code></strong>
+parameter "group" is allowed only.
+Use <code>&lt;references /&gt;</code>, or <code>&lt;references group="..." /&gt;</code></strong>
 </p>
 <ol class="references"><li id="cite_note-0"><a href="#cite_ref-0" title="">↑</a> Also zero, but differently! (Normal ref)</li>
 <li id="cite_note-bar"><a href="#cite_ref-bar_0" title="">↑</a> <strong class="error">Cite error: Invalid <code>&lt;ref&gt;</code> tag;